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Microtubules are much more rigid than actin molecules and have a larger diameter: 25 nanometers. One end of each microtubule is embedded in the centrosome; the microtubule grows outward from there. Microtubules are relatively unstable and go through a process of continuous growth and decay. Centrioles are small arrays of microtubules that are found in the center of a centrosome. Certain proteins will use microtubules as tracks for laying out organelles in a cell.

Intermediate filaments

Intermediate filaments are the final class of proteins that compose the cytoskeleton. These structures are rope-like and fibrous, with a diameter of approximately 10 nanometers. They are not found in all animal cells, but in those in which they are present they form a network surrounding the nucleus often called the nuclear lamina. Other types of intermediate filaments extend through the cytosol. The filaments help to resist stress and increase cellular stability.

Figure %: Organization of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments within a cell.

These three types of protein are distinct in their structure and specific function, but all work together to help provide intra-cellular structure. Because they are so diverse, it is very difficult to study the specific functions of the cytoskeletal components.

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