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Contiguous
This means "touching". Two blocks of memory are contiguous if one begins immediately after the first one ends.
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Null Character
This is the character that is used to mark the end of strings in C. It is written "\0" and has the ASCII value zero.
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Null-Terminated
This means that the last element in an array is the null character. Strings in C are said to be null-terminated, and many string functions rely on this property.
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Local
This refers to things that apply to the current function but do not apply outside the current function call. For example, a local variable is a variable declared inside a function that disappears when the function returns.