SparkNotes: Amino Acids and Proteins: Test

1. Which statement is false?

(A) Every cell produces every protein

(B) DNA is translated into proteins via RNA

(C) Every cell contains an identical copy of DNA

(D) Cells of different tissues produce different proteins

2. Zwitterions are?

(A) Composed of long chains of amino acids

(B) Are scarce throughout the body

(C) Exist because of the neutral pH of the body

(D) Ions that exist only in a basic environment

3. Which statement is not true about the side chains of amino acids?

(A) They are the same as R chains

(B) Can be acidic or basic

(C) Can be neutral or polar

(D) Are always charged and present in all amino acids

4. Which amino acid does not have a charged side chain?

(A) Lysine

(B) Arginine

(C) Proline

(D) Histidine

5. Why is pKa an important property of a compound?

(A) It is the pH at which a compound dissolves

(B) It is the ability of a compound to release protons into solution

(C) It is only is important for inorganic compounds

(D) It is only important in acidic environments

6. Polarity compounds are also "water loving."

(A) False

(B) True

7. Which amino acid is not polar?

(A) Histidine

(B) Glycine

(C) Asparagine

(D) Glutamine

8. Regarding polypeptides, which statement is false?

(A) Many peptides joined together form polypeptides

(B) Proteins contain thousands peptide bonds

(C) Often form rigid and planar units

(D) Can form an unlimited number of configurations

9. Which level of organization is not a form of protein structure?

(A) Primary

(B) Secondary

(C) Preliminary

(D) Helical

10. Which statement is mismatched?

(A) The quarternary structure is related to the basic linear structure of a protein

(B) The primary structure relates to the basic linear structure of a protein

(C) The secondary structure relates to the helical shape of a protein

(D) The tertiary structure is a higher level of protein folding

11. Protein folding is?

(A) A simple process

(B) Results in a hydrophilic exterior

(C) Results in a hydrophobic exterior

(D) Is an important part of protein-protein interaction

12. What is Levinthal's Paradox?

(A) The difference between the actual and theoretical times of protein folding

(B) The difference between the various protein structures

(C) The difference between protein and amino acid processing

(D) The events that allow protein folding to occur

13. Which of the following conditions is not important for protein folding?

(A) pH

(B) Temperature

(C) Cellular milieu

(D) No single factor is important

14. Protein folding is a complex, random process

(A) False

(B) True

15. Which of the following tasks do proteins not perform?

(A) Biosynthesis of hormones

(B) Biosynthesis of enzymes

(C) Biosynthesis of carbohydrates

(D) Biosynthesis of membrane channels

16. Which of the following amino acids are essential?

(A) Proline

(B) Alanine

(C) Lysine

(D) Valine

17. Which of the following are non-essential amino acids?

(A) Proline

(B) Phenyalanine

(C) Histidine

(D) Glycine

18. Regarding transamination, which statement is true?

(A) Transaminases are responsible for the reaction

(B) The liver synthesizes essential amino acids

(C) An amino group is transferred to an alpha keto acid

(D) Aminotransferase is a product of vitamin B12

19. Which statement is false?

(A) The body degrades protein only when energy sources are low

(B) Amino acids can be ketogenic

(C) Amino acids can be glucogenic

(D) Glucogenic amino acids are the main source of glucose production

20. Ketogenic amino acids...

(A) Will produce ketones when energy sources are low

(B) Include proline

(C) Are degraded to ketone bodies such as acetoacetate

(D) Can be used by the brain as an energy source

21. The citric acid cycle plays a role in amino acid degradation

(A) False

(B) True

22. In what ways do proteins maintain fluid balance?

(A) By decreasing osmotic potential within the cell

(B) By increasing edema

(C) Via albumin and globulin

(D) By keeping low concentrations within the bloodstream

23. Which of the following are places where proteins play an important role?

(A) Insulin production

(B) Enzyme production

(C) Fat metabolism

(D) Carbohydrate metabolism

24. Which statement is true regarding enzymes?

(A) They are not always proteins

(B) They do not involve Van der Waal interactions

(C) They are highly specific

(D) They only have primary and secondary structure

25. What is the difficulty of being a vegetarian?

(A) Vegetarians cannot get any protein in their diet because proteins only come form eating meat

(B) Vegetarians can only obtain low quality proteins from their diet

(C) Vegetarians have no means to obtain essential amino acids

(D) Vegetarians must eat a combination of plants to obtain adequate proteins

26. Phenylketonuria is a disease whereby an individual cannot convert Tyrosine to Phenyalanine

(A) True

(B) False

27. Which of the following statements is false?

(A) Protein quality is measured by how efficiently the protein can be turned into body tissues

(B) Essential amino acids have lower nitrogen retention

(C) The carbon skeleton can be converted into glucose or fat

(D) Nitrogen retention is another way of measuring the amount of protein used for biosynthesis

28. Which statement is not true?

(A) The recommended Dietary Allowance of proteins is 0.8g protein/pound of body weight

(B) An average 70Kg man would consume 56 g of protein a day to meet the RDA

(C) Protein equilibrium is consuming the right amount of protein to cover losses in urine and feces

(D) The body uses more protein when recovering from illness

29. Which of the following states require more protein intake?

(A) Obesity

(B) Illness

(C) Dieting

(D) Kidney disease

30. Negative protein balance is a state where protein excretion exceeds protein intake.

(A) True

(B) False

31. Red meat has been associated with which of the following?

(A) All kinds of cancer

(B) Colon cancer

(C) High cholesterol

(D) Multiple Sclerosis