SparkNotes: Review of Minerals: Review Test

1. What is the major source of calcium in the North American diet

(A) nuts

(B) legumes

(C) green leafy vegetables

(D) dairy products

2. The storage form of iron is

(A) heme iron

(B) nonheme iron

(C) ferritin

(D) transferrin

3. Iron absorption is inhibited by all of the following EXCEPT

(A) milk proteins

(B) soy proteins

(C) tea and coffee

(D) ascorbic acid

4. Excess zinc intake may lead to a deficiency of

(A) iodine

(B) copper

(C) magnesium

(D) phosphorus

5. Which food is the best source of zinc

(A) bread

(B) chicken

(C) fruit

(D) oysters

6. Good sources of magnesium include all of the following EXCEPT

(A) soybeans

(B) seafood

(C) dairy products

(D) all of the above

7. The recommended ratio of zinc to copper is

(A) 5:1

(B) 1:5

(C) 10:1

(D) 1:10

8. Wilson's disease causes a defect in the ability of copper to form

(A) transferrin

(B) ceruloplasmin

(C) myoglobin

(D) aldosterone

9. The most abundant mineral in the body is

(A) calcium

(B) potassium

(C) sodium

(D) zinc

10. The hormone that acts to primarily conserve sodium is

(A) aldosterone

(B) renin

(C) thyroxin

(D) vasopressin

11. Menkes' disease results in

(A) increased iron absorption

(B) increased copper absorption

(C) decreased iron absorption

(D) decreased copper absorption

12. Hyperthyroidism results in a(n)

(A) increase rate of iodine uptake and a decrease in metabolic rate

(B) increase rate of iodine uptake and an increase in metabolic rate

(C) decrease rate of iodine uptake and a decrease in metabolic rate

(D) decrease rate of iodine uptake and an increase in metabolic rate

13. Factors that decrease calcium absorption include all of the following EXCEPT

(A) vitamin D deficiency

(B) oxalic acid

(C) phytic acid

(D) lactose

14. Good sources of iodine include all of the following EXCEPT

(A) eggs

(B) dairy products

(C) iodized table salt

(D) seafood

15. Which of the following sources of calcium is most likely NOT to contain high levels of lead

(A) calcium citrate

(B) dolomite

(C) bone meal

(D) unrefined calcium carbonate from limestone or oyster shells

16. The percentage of iron that the average person absorbs from their diet is

(A) 5-10%

(B) 10-20%

(C) 30-40%

(D) 40-50%

17. Which of the following is a true statement

(A) Water constitutes 80% of the body

(B) Extracellular fluid makes up 40-45% of the total body weight

(C) Water helps maintain body temperature

(D) The thirst mechanism is controlled by the pineal gland

18. Vasopressin is secreted by the

(A) adrenal gland

(B) hypothalamus

(C) pituitary gland

(D) thyroid

19. Water that is excreted through the skin is called

(A) insensible water loss

(B) obligatory water loss

(C) extracellular water loss

(D) urea

20. All of the following are good sources of potassium EXCEPT

(A) bananas

(B) potatoes

(C) oranges

(D) dairy products

21. Iron deficiency anemia may result from all of the following EXCEPT

(A) hemochromatosis

(B) inadequate dietary intake

(C) excessive blood loss

(D) malabsorption due to iron inhibitors

22. Potassium depletion may result from all of the following EXCEPT

(A) an inherited genetic disorder

(B) diuretic medication

(C) diarrhea

(D) vomiting

23. Fetal iodine deficiency can result in

(A) cretinism

(B) Crohn's disease

(C) Menkes' disease

(D) Wilson's disease

24. Acrodermatitis enteropathica is caused by a deficiency of

(A) copper

(B) iodine

(C) magnesium

(D) zinc

25. Potassium supplementation is used for people with

(A) cancer

(B) diabetes

(C) hypertension

(D) renal failure

26. Which of the following is a major cation ion in the intracellular fluid

(A) calcium

(B) magnesium

(C) potassium

(D) sodium

27. Goiter is caused by

(A) calcium deficiency

(B) iodine deficiency

(C) iodine toxicity

(D) magnesium toxicity

28. Which of the following is NOT involved in regulating neuromuscular stimulation, transmission of impulses and the contraction of muscle fibers

(A) calcium

(B) phosphorus

(C) potassium

(D) sodium

29. Iron is a part of which of the following molecules

(A) thyroglobulin

(B) thyroxine

(C) hemoglobin

(D) vasopressin

30. The RDA for calcium for pregnant and lactating women is

(A) 300 mg

(B) 500 mg

(C) 800 mg

(D) 1200 mg

31. The absorption of magnesium is decreased by a high dietary intake of

(A) calcium

(B) magnesium

(C) potassium

(D) zinc

32. Which of the following foods had the highest amount of copper per portion

(A) chocolate

(B) dried fruits

(C) mushrooms

(D) legumes

33. In osmosis

(A) water travels from low to high solute concentration

(B) water travels from high to low solute concentration

(C) particles in solution spread through out the solution

(D) the solute passes through the cell membrane

34. Which of the following is NOT involved in carbohydrate metabolism

(A) magnesium

(B) potassium

(C) zinc

(D) all of the above

35. The primary function of iodine in the body is to

(A) transmit nerve impulses throughout the body

(B) serve as a coenzyme in metabolism

(C) maintain fluid balance

(D) aid in the synthesis of thyroxine

36. Zinc deficiency may result in all of the following EXCEPT

(A) impaired taste and smell

(B) impaired glucose tolerance

(C) altered fat metabolism

(D) goiter

37. Adenosine monophosphate is activated by

(A) calcium

(B) magnesium

(C) phosphorus

(D) potassium

38. Aldosterone is secreted from the

(A) adrenal gland

(B) hypothalamus

(C) pituitary gland

(D) thyroid

39. One of the first indicators of magnesium toxicity is

(A) thirst

(B) tetany-like symptoms

(C) decrease in blood pressure

(D) hyperthyroidism

40. Sodium is excreted primarily by

(A) the gastrointestinal tract

(B) perspiration

(C) kidneys

(D) lungs

41. Which of the following can inhibit phosphorus absorption

(A) vitamin D

(B) vitamin E

(C) antacids

(D) none of these

42. The established level of copper intake that causes toxicity is

(A) 0.4 mg

(B) 2.5 mg

(C) 250 mg

(D) none of the above

43. Which of the following is a major cation ion in the extracellular fluid

(A) calcium

(B) magnesium

(C) potassium

(D) sodium

44. Sources of dietary sodium include

(A) table salt

(B) processed foods

(C) milk

(D) all of the above

45. Which of the following electrolytes do NOT play a role in fluid balance

(A) chloride

(B) sodium

(C) magnesium

(D) potassium

46. Which of the following is a true statement

(A) research supports that chromium picolinate is an effective weight loss supplement

(B) chromium deficiency had been documented in hospitalized patients receiving total parental nutrition

(C) chromium is excreted in the urine

(D) vitamin C decreases the absorption of chromium

47. The RDA for zinc for an adult male is

(A) 12 mg

(B) 15 mg

(C) 60 mg

(D) 150 mg

48. Which mineral is a component of glutathone peroxidase

(A) calcium

(B) chromium

(C) selenium

(D) zinc

49. Supplemental selenium is used

(A) to reverse cardiac damage

(B) as an antioxidant supplement

(C) to increase glucose tolerance

(D) to increase the absorption of calcium

50. What mineral is a component of ATP

(A) calcium

(B) chromium

(C) manganese

(D) phosphorus

Review of Vitamins

Review Test