Crankshaw, Edward. Tolstoy: The Making of a Novelist. New York: Viking, 1974.

Gunn, Elizabeth. A Daring Coiffeur: Reflections on War and Peace and Anna Karenina . London: Chatto and Windus, 1971.

Mandelker, Amy. Framing Anna Karenina: Tolstoy, the Woman Question, and the Victorian Novel. Columbus: University of Ohio Press, 1993.

Mooney, Harry J. Tolstoy’s Epic Vision: A Study of War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Tulsa: University of Oklahoma Press, 1968.

Sankovitch, Natasha. Creating and Recovering Experience: Repetition in Tolstoy. Palo Alto, California: Stanford University Press, 1998.

Shirer, William L. Love and Hatred: The Troubled Marriage of Leo and Sonya Tolstoy. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.

Troyat, Henri. Tolstoy. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1967.

Turner, C.J.G. A Karenina Companion. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1993.