SparkNotes: Review of Abnormal Psychology: Review Test

Suicide is most highly comorbid with:

(A) schizophrenia

(B) mood disorders

(C) dissociative disorders

(D) anxiety disorders

Suicide is the _____ leading cause of death among individuals between the ages of fifteen and twenty-four in the United States.

(A) third

(B) eighth

(C) fifth

(D) tenth

The dopamine hypothesis is a biological explanation for the possible cause of which disorder?

(A) mood disorders

(B) anxiety disorders

(C) personality disorders

(D) schizophrenia

The monoamine hypothesis is a biological explanation for the possible cause of which disorder?

(A) schizophrenia

(B) depression

(C) bipolar mood disorder

(D) panic disorder

ECT is most effective in treating severe forms of:

(A) schizophrenia

(B) OCD

(C) depression

(D) dissociative identity disorder

Cingulotomy is a form of psychosurgery most effective in treating severe forms of:

(A) obsessive-compulsive disorder

(B) schizotypal personality disorder

(C) schizophrenia

(D) panic disorder

Which of these disorders is part of Cluster B of the personality disorders?

(A) schizotypal

(B) avoidant

(C) borderline

(D) dependent

Which cluster of the personality disorders is marked by odd or eccentric behavior?

(A) Cluster B

(B) Cluster A

(C) Cluster C

(D) Cluster D

Which of these is a major side effect of the neuroleptics used to treat schizophrenia?

(A) tardive dyskinesia

(B) nausea

(C) dry mouth

(D) heart palpitations

Client-centered therapy was pioneered by:

(A) Sigmund Freud

(B) John Watson

(C) Carl Rogers

(D) Aaron Beck

The most prevalent type of anxiety disorder is:

(A) panic disorder

(B) phobias

(C) generalized anxiety disorder

(D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

The most prevalent types of disorders are:

(A) mood disorders

(B) dissociative disorders

(C) personality disorders

(D) anxiety disorders

Which type of dissociative disorder is characterized by "sudden and unexpected travel from home"?

(A) dissociative fugue

(B) dissociative identity disorder

(C) dissociative amnesia

(D) depersonalization disorder

Which somatoform disorder is characterized by the preoccupation with some body feature?

(A) conversion disorder

(B) pain disorder

(C) body dysmorphic disorder

(D) somatization disorder

Hysteria is the outdated diagnostic category of which of these disorders?

(A) mood disorders

(B) personality disorders

(C) anxiety disorders

(D) dissociative disorders

Which of these is not a description category of suicide proposed by Durkheim?

(A) anomic

(B) mystic

(C) fatalistic

(D) altruistic

Token-economy is a technique used in what form of treatment?

(A) behavioral

(B) biomedical

(C) psychodynamic

(D) humanistic

Which form of therapy has the goal of making unconscious conflict conscious?

(A) cognitive behavioral

(B) behavioral

(C) psychoanalytic

(D) client-centered

What is the premise of behavioral therapy?

(A) abnormal behavior is caused by unconscious conflict

(B) abnormal behavior is caused by distortions in cognition

(C) abnormal behavior is caused by imbalances in the chemistry of the body

(D) abnormal behavior, like normal behavior, is learned

Which form of therapy places the therapist in a purposefully antagonistic relationship with the patient?

(A) gestalt

(B) client-centered

(C) behavioral

(D) psychoanalytic

The DSM-IV can be classified as a _____ approach to classification

(A) categorical

(B) both categorical and dimensional

(C) dimensional

(D) neither categorical nor dimensional

Dysthymia is a more prolonged and less severe form of:

(A) bipolar mood disorder

(B) panic disorder

(C) depression

(D) dissociative identity disorder

All of these are negative symptoms of schizophrenia except:

(A) anhedonia

(B) delusions

(C) flat affect

(D) avolition

What are the two major positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

(A) delusions and elogia

(B) delusions and hallucinations

(C) hallucinations and elogia

(D) avolition and anhedonia

The momothetic approach to classification is associated with:

(A) high specificity

(B) low homogeneity

(C) high sensitivity

(D) more false positives

Which of these is not part of the DSM-IV inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of a mental disorder?

(A) personal distress

(B) functional impairment

(C) conflict between the individual and society

(D) significant increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom

Which of these can be described as a psychotic disorder?

(A) dissociative identity disorder

(B) schizophrenia

(C) panic disorder

(D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Which type of validity is associated with the vulnerability criteria of identifying more people with the disorder among the relatives of the individual diagnosed with the disorder than among people in the general population?

(A) predictive

(B) etiological

(C) incidence

(D) concurrent

Systematic desensitization is most effective in treating:

(A) OCD

(B) phobias

(C) mood disorders

(D) schizophrenia

Psychoanalytic theory proposes that the individuals suffering from this disorder are trapped in the anal stage of development. Which disorder is it?

(A) generalized anxiety disorder

(B) specific phobia

(C) panic disorder

(D) OCD

How many predominant courses of schizophrenia are there?

(A) one

(B) two

(C) three

(D) ten

Which of these is a technique used by operant conditioning?

(A) modeling coping

(B) contingency learning

(C) flooding

(D) systematic desensitization

Antisocial personality disorder is most highly comorbid with:

(A) narcissistic personality disorder

(B) avoidant personality disorder

(C) borderline personality disorder

(D) schizotypal personality disorder

For which type of phobia do women not have a higher prevalence rate?

(A) animal

(B) natural/environmental

(C) situational type

(D) blood-injection injury type

Weak behavioral inhibition system is the neurobiological explanation behind which disorder?

(A) obsessive-compulsive disorder

(B) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

(C) antisocial personality disorder

(D) panic disorder

The social selection hypothesis and the downward drift hypothesis are possible socio-cultural causes of:

(A) mood disorders

(B) dissociative disorders

(C) somatoform disorders

(D) schizophrenia

The theory of learned helplessness was first proposed by which behavioralist?

(A) John Watson

(B) Sigmund Freud

(C) Martin Seligman

(D) B. F. Skinner

State-dependent learning is a possible psychological explanation for the development of:

(A) depersonalization disorder

(B) dissociative identity disorder

(C) dissociative fugue

(D) schizophrenia

The epidemiology of somatoform disorders is difficult to ascertain because somatoform disorders usually result in:

(A) Misdiagnosis

(B) Unnecessary medical treatment

(C) A visit to the physician instead of to the therapist

(D) All of the above

Concerning the epidemiology of suicide, men are more likely than women to:

(A) engage in suicidal idealization

(B) attempt suicide

(C) complete suicide

(D) there are no gender differences

A possible risk factor of suicide is:

(A) reduced levels of serotonin in the brain

(B) increased levels of serotonin in the brain

(C) increased levels of dopamine in the brain

(D) reduced levels of dopamine in the brain

Which is a form of insight-oriented therapy?

(A) cognitive therapy

(B) cognitive behavioral therapy

(C) biomedical therapy

(D) psychodynamic therapy

Trephining is:

(A) a modern form of psychosurgery

(B) a psychoactive drug

(C) a primitive form of treatment of the spiritual/religious approach that involved cracking open the skulls of individuals suffering presumably so that the evil could escape

(D) a form of psychotherapy very effective in treating mood disorders

The pioneer of the naturalistic/scientific approach to treatment was:

(A) Sigmund Freud

(B) John Watson

(C) Pavlov

(D) Hippocrates

Behavioral theory was pioneered by:

(A) Sigmund Freud

(B) John Watson

(C) Pierre Janet

(D) Martin Seligman

Tabula rasa describes:

(A) a symptom of major depression

(B) a symptom of bipolar mood disorder

(C) the role of the therapist in psychoanalytic theory

(D) the role of the therapist in client-centered therapy

Free association, catharsis, and interpretation are all terms that describe elements of which treatment approach?

(A) psychoanalytic

(B) client-centered

(C) behavioral

(D) cognitive

Both Pierre Janet and Sigmund Freud believed that this was the cause of dissociative disorders:

(A) poor diet

(B) chemical imbalances

(C) modeling

(D) a traumatic event

Which model provides the best explanation for the possible causes of mental disorders?

(A) nature model

(B) nurture model

(C) diathesis-stress model

(D) biological model