There have been vast improvements in medications for schizophrenia over the past twenty years. However, the possibility of serious side effects makes it necessary for every individual, in conjunction with a physician, to find the right balance in his or her medication. Chlorpromazine, which is similar to an antihistamine, reduces anxiety without causing mental confusion. However, the side effects can be quite frightening: extrapyramidal symptoms, which include muscular rigidity, tremors, and restless agitation, result from the high levels of dopamine antagonists. These symptoms appear quite similar to symptoms of diseases associated with low dopamine activity such as Parkinson's disease. Another side effect of Chlorpromazine, known as tardive dyskinesia, causes arm flapping, tongue rolling, and grimacing. Clozapine, another drug used for treating schizophrenia, has been associated with less severe side effects.

Social therapy, with a psychosocial basis, also plays a key role in helping individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia to learn, regain, and maintain skills essential in coping with a stressful environment.