1. Why is REM sleep also called paradoxical sleep?

Although REM is a stage of deep sleep in which muscles are very relaxed, paradoxically, people in REM sleep and people who are awake have similar brain wave activity.

2. What is the activation-synthesis theory of dreams?

The activation-synthesis theory of dreams states that neurons in the brain randomly activate during REM sleep and that dreams arise when the cortex tries to make meaning out of these random neural impulses.

3. What are the different classes of recreational drugs?

The classes of recreational drugs are stimulants, sedatives, hallucinogens, narcotics, and cannabis-derived drugs.

4. What are the two main theories about the nature of hypnosis?

One theory proposes that hypnosis causes people to dissociate or divide their consciousness into two parts: an observing part and a participating part. Another theory proposes that hypnosis makes people play elaborate roles.

5. What functions might sleep have?

The functions of sleep include conservation of energy, protection from predators, and restoration of body tissues.

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