So there you have it: a foundation of Essential Concepts to give you a head start with Logical Reasoning. You’ve probably noticed by now that these concepts are not mutually exclusive—for example, spotting a bait and switch can alert you to unknowables; recognizing a claim of cause and effect can lead you to consider alternatives; formal logic statements (which we’ll discuss later) may key you in to necessary and sufficient conditions, and so on. Understanding the Essential Concepts and the connections between them is all part of our integrated approach to Logical Reasoning. That integrated approach extends to the question types too, as you’ll see that those are interconnected in many important ways as well. Meanwhile, if you’ve seriously thought through these examples, excellent!—now you’re beginning to think like a lawyer (or at least the way the LSAT creators believe a first-year law student should think).