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Review Questions
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9.1 Structure and Function of Animals
 
9.2 Structure and Function of Plants
 
 
9.3 Review Questions
 
9.4 Explanations
 
Review Questions
1. A disease that causes a defect in the myelin sheath would be dangerous because
(A) action potentials would be conducted too slowly along the neurons
(B) muscles would not contract when stimulated
(C) the thyroid gland would not be able to produce thyroxine
(D) bone tissue would not be properly maintained
(E) the body would not be able to fight disease
2. All of the following are considered to be endocrine glands EXCEPT
(A) the pituitary gland
(B) the thyroid gland
(C) the salivary glands
(D) the ovaries
(E) the adrenal glands
3. Which of the following statements are true?
  I. Arteries have muscular walls that can regulate the flow of blood passing through them.
 II. Arteries contain valves that prevent the flow of blood in the wrong direction.
III. Veins have muscular walls that can regulate the flow of blood passing through them.
(A) I only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) I and III only
(E) I, II, and III
4. What is the primary advantage of the four-chambered heart?
(A) It increases blood pressure.
(B) It pumps blood to the lungs more often, so blood is better oxygenated.
(C) It separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
(D) It lowers blood pressure and the threat of heart attacks.
(E) It supplies the brain with more blood for cognition.
5. The respiratory system is important in obtaining oxygen for the tissues and
(A) regulating pH of the blood by controlling how much oxygen is dissolved in the plasma
(B) regulating pH of the blood by controlling how much carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma
(C) regulating blood pressure by releasing hormones from the lungs that control heart rate
(D) playing a role in regulating the level of cholesterol in the blood
(E) obtaining some nutrients, such as vitamin K, from the atmosphere when supplies are limited
6. After the ovarian follicle releases the mature ovum into the Fallopian tube, the follicle
(A) dissolves within the ovary, ceasing to produce estrogen
(B) remains in the ovary, producing estrogen until the end of the ovarian cycle
(C) forms the corpeus luteum and begins to produce progesterone
(D) begins to support another developing oocyte
(E) is shed from the ovary and released in the menstrual fluid
7. A man goes swimming in a pond. As he walks back to his car, he notices that several newly hatched ducklings are following his moves. This is an example of
(A) tropism
(B) conditioning
(C) sympathetic nervous system
(D) associative learning
(E) imprinting
8. The elimination of carbon dioxide from the body is completed by the
  I. circulatory system
 II. respiratory system
III. excretory system
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and II only
(E) I, II, and III
9. Which of the following contains the highest concentration of chloroplasts?
(A) Stomata
(B) Epidermal layer
(C) Palisade mesophyll
(D) Phloem
(E) Cuticle
10. During photosynthesis, carbohydrates are made
(A) during the light reaction
(B) from oxygen, water, and a three-carbon molecule
(C) in the grana
(D) in the stroma
(E) in order to begin the light reaction
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