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Key Formulas
Distance in the Coordinate Plane
Distance = 
if you’re measuring
the distance between the points (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).
if you’re measuring
the distance between the points (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).Distance in the Coordinate Space Distance
Distance = 
if you’re measuring
the distance between the points (x1, y1, z1)
and (x2, y2, z2).
if you’re measuring
the distance between the points (x1, y1, z1)
and (x2, y2, z2).Midpoint between Two Points
Midpoint = (
, 
), where the endpoints of
a line segment are (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).
, ), where the endpoints of
a line segment are (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).Point-Slope Form of the Equation of a Line
y – y1 = m(x – x1),
where m is the slope of the line, and (x1, y1)
is a point on the line.
Slope-Intercept Form of the Equation of a Line
y = mx + b, where m is
the slope of the line, and b is the y-intercept
of the line. Both m and b are
constants.
Slope of a Line
Slope = 
, where two points
on the line are (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).
, where two points
on the line are (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2).Standard Form of the Equation of a Circle
(x – h)2 + (y
– k)2 = r2,
where (h, k) is the center of
the circle, and r is the radius. When centered
at the origin, the equation simplifies to x2 +
y2 = r2.
Standard Form of the Equation of a Parabola
y = a(x – h)2 +
k, where a, h,
and k are constants.
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