Barnes, Timothy David. The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982.

Brown, Peter Robert. The World of Late Antiquity, AD 150-750. London: Norton, 1989.

Brown, Peter Robert Lamont. Society and the Holy in Late Antiquity. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1982.

Bury, J. B. History of the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I. to the Death of Justinian. New York: Dover Publications, 1958.

Cary, M. & H.H. Scullard. A History of Rome Down to the Reign of Constantine. third ed. London: Macmillan Education, Ltd, 1979.

Collins, Roger. Early Medieval Europe, 300-1000. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991.

Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. New York: Methuen, London, AMS Press, 1974.

Gordon, Colin Douglas. The Age of Attila : Fifth-Century Byzantium and the Barbarians. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1972.

Marcellinus, Ammianus. Walter Hamilton, trans. The Later Roman Empire (354- 378). London: Penguin Books, 1986

Wolfram, Herwig. History of the Goths. Berkley, CA: University of California Press, 1988.

Popular pages: The Fall of Rome (150CE-475CE)