Population Genetics

1) large population size, 2)no mutation, 3) no immigration or emigration, 4) random mating, and 5) random reproductive success

For a population to have constant allelic frequencies, it must be large enough that chance is not likely to change allelic frequencies significantly. Large populations are unlikely to be affected by chance changes in allele frequencies, but in small populations, these changes are large in comparison to the total number of alleles and can greatly alter allele frequencies.

For a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, both mating and reproductive success (the survival of offspring to reproductive age) must be random.

A population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium experiences no change in phenotypic or allelic frequencies from one generation to the next.