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Reconstruction

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Overview

Summary of Events

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Lincoln’s Ten-Percent Plan: 1863–1865

Presidential Reconstruction: 1865–1867

Radical Reconstruction: 1867–1877

The Postwar South and the Black Codes: 1865–1877

Grant’s Presidency: 1869–1876

The End of Reconstruction: 1873–1877

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Reconstruction (1865–1877)

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1. The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed

(A) A plan for Radical Reconstruction

(B) The Ten-Percent Plan

(D) Andrew Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

2. Why did Congress reject Louisiana’s new constitution in 1864?

(A) It was drafted according to the Ten-Percent Plan

(B) It gave blacks the right to vote

(D) All of the above

3. The Wade-Davis Bill stipulated that states could reenter the Union

(A) When 10 percent of voters pledged allegiance

(B) When 50 percent of voters pledged allegiance

(D) Only after ratifying the Fifteenth Amendment

4. Why did Lincoln pocket-veto the Wade-Davis Bill?

(A) He did not want slaves to have the right to vote

(B) He thought it was too early to begin Reconstruction

(D) He thought it would ruin his chance for reelection

5. The Radical Republicans

(A) Were only a minority group in Congress

(B) Wanted to punish the South for secession and the war

(D) All of the above

6. The Freedmen’s Bureau had the most success in

(A) Establishing schools for blacks

(B) Redistributing land to former slaves

(D) Safeguarding blacks’ civil liberties

7. The Compromise of 1877 was reached after

(A) Samuel J. Tilden conceded to Rutherford B. Hayes

(B) Congress passed the Electoral Count Act

(D) Congress agreed to repeal the Ku Klux Klan Act

8. All of the following were components of Lincoln’s blueprint for Reconstruction except

(A) Readmission to the Union when 10 percent of voters pledged their allegiance to the United States

(B) A promise to protect all private property, excluding slaves

(D) Full pardons for all white southerners, except high-ranking military and government officials

9. What did William Tecumseh Sherman’s Special Field Order No. 15 do?

(A) Emancipated all blacks whom his soldiers encountered in the South

(B) Set aside land in Georgia and South Carolina specifically for freed slaves

(D) Established martial law in Georgia according to the First Reconstruction Act

10. The Thirteenth Amendment

(A) Prohibited slavery

(B) Granted citizenship to all Americans regardless of race

(D) Prohibited presidents from serving more than two full terms

11. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 extended all of the following liberties to black Americans except

(A) The right to testify against whites

(B) The right to serve on juries

(D) The right to vote

12. Which constitutional amendment did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 most closely resemble?

(A) The Twelfth Amendment

(B) The Thirteenth Amendment

(D) The Fifteenth Amendment

13. What effect did the 1866 Memphis and New Orleans race riots and Andrew Johnson’s “Swing Around the Circle” speeches have?

(A) Convinced northerners that racism could never be completely eliminated

(B) Encouraged northerners to vote Democrat

(D) Divided the North between those who wanted harsher Reconstruction and those who wanted to end Reconstruction

14. Which U.S. Supreme Court decision(s) did the Fourteenth Amendment reverse?

(A) The Slaughterhouse Cases

(B) The Civil Rights Cases

(D) United States v. Cruikshank

15. Andrew Johnson believed that

(A) Blacks should be given the right to vote

(B) Blacks should be citizens

(D) None of the above

16. By 1880, most southern blacks had found employment as

(A) Sharecroppers

(B) Artisans

(D) Wage laborers

17. Southern legislatures passed the black codes in response to

(A) Depression of 1873

(B) The Civil Rights Act of 1866

(D) The Civil Rights Act of 1875

18. Who were carpetbaggers?

(A) Northern whites who moved to the South after the war

(B) White planter elites in the South

(D) Northern Democrats who opposed Radical Reconstruction

19. Who were scalawags?

(A) Northern whites who moved to the South after the war

(B) White Unionists in the South

(D) Northern Democrats who opposed Radical Reconstruction

20. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Tennessee after the passage of the

(A) Fourteenth Amendment

(B) Fifteenth Amendment

(D) Civil Rights Act of 1866

21. After the Civil War, many former slaves celebrated their freedom by

(A) Searching for and reuniting with family members

(B) Pressing for education for their children

(D) All of the above

22. Why did most southern blacks prefer sharecropping to wage labor after the Civil War?

(A) Wages were too low to support their families

(B) They preferred the autonomy of farming their own plots

(D) Not even whites wanted to be wage laborers

23. Why did southern white landowners prefer the sharecropping system to wage labor after the Civil War?

(A) Paying wage laborers was too expensive

(B) They made more money off the sharecropping system

(D) Sharecropping required less work

24. One consequence of the Depression of 1873 was that

(A) Democrats regained control of the House of Representatives

(B) Republicans lost the White House in 1876

(D) All of the above

25. Liberal Republicans fought for all of the following except

(A) An end to Reconstruction

(B) Black suffrage

(D) Downsizing the federal government

26. Who nominated Horace Greeley for president in 1872?

(A) Moderate and Radical Republicans

(B) Democrats

(D) Democrats and Liberal Republicans

27. What was Crédit Mobilier?

(A) A dummy construction company created by corrupt railroad executives

(B) A scheme to embezzle funds from the U.S. Treasury

(D) A New York City corruption ring

28. Samuel J. Tilden rose to national fame when he

(A) Exposed the Whiskey Ring

(B) Prosecuted William “Boss” Tweed

(D) Ran for vice president as Horace Greeley’s running mate

29. Liberal Republicans rose to power primarily because many northerners wanted

(A) To end Military Reconstruction

(B) More protection for blacks’ civil liberties

(D) To end widespread corruption within the government

30. The Depression of 1873 was caused by all of the following except

(A) Bad bank loans

(B) Overspeculation in manufacturing

(D) Fears that the federal government was on the verge of bankruptcy

31. President Grant is best described as

(A) A corrupt politician who misused government funds and privileges

(B) An apathetic president who only wanted the spoils of office

(D) A diehard Radical Republican

32. Which of the following was one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy during the Reconstruction era?

(A) Railroads

(B) Cotton

(D) Telecommunications

33. The government officials who embezzled money from the U.S. Treasury in 1874 were known as the

(A) Tweed Ring

(B) Crédit Mobilier

(D) Gold Ring

34. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was a failure for all of the following reasons except

(A) Only individuals could file claims against violators

(B) Military Reconstruction ended before the bill was passed

(D) It was too difficult to enforce

35. What brought on the end of Radical Reconstruction?

(A) Democrats’ rise to power in Congress in 1874

(B) President Hayes’s removal of federal troops from the South in 1877

(D) The Liberal Republicans’ split from the moderates and radicals in 1872

36. Which law did Congress pass to try to outlaw racial discrimination in all public places?

(A) Fourteenth Amendment

(B) Fifteenth Amendment

(D) Civil Rights Act of 1875

37. The Supreme Court’s ruling in the 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases weakened blacks’ rights under the

(A) Fourteenth Amendment

(B) Fifteenth Amendment

(D) Civil Rights Act of 1875

38. Democrats allowed Rutherford B. Hayes to become president in 1877 when Republicans promised to

(A) Repeal the Civil Rights Act of 1875

(B) Withdraw all federal troops from the South

(D) Print cheap paper money to assist impoverished farmers

39. What did the Compromise of 1877 do?

(A) Put a Republican in the White House

(B) Ended black dreams of racial equality

(D) All of the above

40. The Supreme Court ruled in United States v. Cruikshank that

(A) The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional

(B) Racial discrimination by the federal government was illegal

(D) Southern states could establish voter qualification requirements

41. Radicals in the House impeached Andrew Johnson in 1868 because he had violated the

(A) Civil Rights Act of 1866

(B) Electoral Count Act

(D) Tenure of Office Act

42. What did the Fourteenth Amendment do?

(A) Forbade slavery

(B) Granted citizenship to black Americans

(D) Forbade racial discrimination in public places

43. What did the Fifteenth Amendment do?

(A) Forbade slavery

(B) Granted citizenship to black Americans

(D) Forbade racial discrimination in public places

44. Why did seven Republican senators vote with Democrats to acquit Andrew Johnson during his impeachment trial?

(A) They did not want the president pro tempore of the Senate to replace Johnson

(B) They did not want to establish a dangerous precedent

(D) All of the above

45. The First Reconstruction Act did all of the following except

(A) Divide the South into five military districts

(B) Declare that the southern states were to be treated as conquered territories

(D) Place federal troops in charge of voter registration

46. All of the following are reasons that Republicans nominated Rutherford B. Hayes for president in 1876 except

(A) He had served two terms as a senator

(B) He was from the politically important state of Ohio

(D) He had been a Union general in the Civil War

47. From which group did southern Republicans received most of their support?

(A) Unionist whites

(B) Blacks

(D) The Ku Klux Klan

48. Congress passed the Resumption Act in 1875 to

(A) Control the Ku Klux Klan

(B) Withdraw federal troops from the South

(D) Control white “redeemer” governments in the South

49. Grant’s reputation was damaged by all of the following scandals except

(A) The Crédit Mobilier scandal

(B) The Fisk-Gould scheme

(D) The Tweed Ring

50. Grant is buried in

(A) Washington’s Tomb

(B) Jefferson’s Tomb

(D) Grant’s Tomb

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