Composition of Solutions
Terms
Concentrated
-
A solution of high concentration.
Concentration
-
The amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent.
Dilute
-
A solution of low concentration or the process of lowering the
concentration of a solution by the
addition of solvent.
Dilution
-
The decrease of the concentration of a solution by the addition of more
solvent.
Equimolar
-
Having the same molarity.
Mass Percent
-
The number of grams of solute divided by the number of grams of solution
multiplied by 100%.
Molar Equivalent
-
The number of molar equivalents depends on the reaction of interest.
For an acid-base reaction
the number of equivalents is the number of moles of acid or base needed to
fully neutralize the solute
of interest. Sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, therefore, 1 mole of
sulfuric acid is 2 molar equivalents.
For a redox reaction, the number of molar equivalents is the number of
moles of electrons one mole
of the solute can either donate or accept in the particular redox reaction
of interest.
Molality
-
The number of moles of solute divided by the number of kilograms of solvent.
Molarity
-
The number of moles of solute divided by the number of liters of solution.
Mole Fraction
-
The number of moles of solute divided by the total number of moles in solution.
Normality
-
The number of molar equivalents of solute divided by the number of liters
of solution.
Solute
-
A minor component of a solution.
Solution
-
A homogeneous mixture.
Solvent
-
The major component of a solution.
