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Terms
Terms
Gravitational potential energy
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Is defined by the integral:
Where ![]()
which reduces to U = mgh near the earth.
Gravitational potential
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Is defined as the gravitational potential energy that a 1 kilogram mass would have at some point in space. It is given by:
which reduces to Φg = gh near the earth.
Principle of Equivalence
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Asserts that all types of matter fall at the same rate. That is, g for a brick is the same as g for water. This means that the inertial mass appearing in Newton's Second Law is equivalent to the gravitational mass appearing in the Universal Law of
Gravitation.
Inertial mass
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The mass mi that appears in Newton's Second Law F = mia.
Gravitational mass
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The mass that appears in the Universal Law of Gravitation.
Shell Theorem
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States that any spherical mass can be treated as though all its mass were concentrated at its center for the purposes of calculating gravitational force. Also, that a spherical shell of matter exerts no gravitational force on a mass inside it.
Formulae
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