SparkNotes: Review of Oscillations: Test

1. What is the name of the force that causes oscillatory motion?

(A) Damping Force

(B) Driving Force

(C) Restoring Force

(D) Oscillating Force

2. An oscillating system is one in which a particle or set of particles

(A) Move back and forth

(B) Move in a circle

(C) Move with constant velocity

(D) Move with constant acceleration

3. What is always true of an equilibrium point of an oscillating system?

(A) The velocity is always zero

(B) No net force acts on the system

(C) The velocity is always a minimum

(D) The energy is always a maximum

4. Periodic motion is motion in which

(A) An object moves in a circle

(B) An object moves with constant velocity

(C) An object moves with constant acceleration

(D) An object returns to its initial position at some later time

5. Which of the following is NOT periodic motion?

(A) A mass oscillating on a spring

(B) Projectile motion

(C) A swinging pendulum

(D) A planet orbiting the sum

6. Period is defined as

(A) The distance traveled in one oscillation

(B) The time it takes to travel one oscillation

(C) The average velocity over one oscillation

(D) The maximum displacement of an oscillation

7. How is frequency of oscillation related to period?

(A) ν = 2πT

(B) ν =

(C) ν =

(D) ν =

8. What are the units of frequency?

(A) Seconds

(B) m/s

(C) Hertz

(D) Joules

9. What is the relation between angular frequency and period?

(A) ω = 2πT

(B) ω =

(C) ω =

(D) ω =

10. The amplitude of oscillation is defined as

(A) The position of the equilibrium point

(B) The maximum displacement of the oscillating particle

(C) The maximum velocity of the oscillating particle

(D) The maximum acceleration of the oscillating particle

11. An oscillation is harmonic if

(A) The oscillation has a constant period

(B) The restoring force varies with sin x

(C) The restoring force varies with x

(D) The restoring force varies with x²

12. Which of the following does not exhibit simple harmonic motion?

(A) A mass on a spring

(B) A pendulum

(C) A torsional oscillator

(D) All exhibit simple harmonic motion

13. What is angular frequency of a mass-spring system with mass 2 kg and spring 8 kg?

(A) 2

(B) 4

(C) 1

(D) 8

14. The position of a particle in simple harmonic motion varies with

(A) t

(B) t²

(C) kt

(D) cos(ωt)

15. Two identical mass-spring systems are set up side by side. Mass 1 is displaced a distance of 1 m, while mass 2 is displaced a distance of 2 m. What can be said about the periods of each system?

(A) Mass 2 has a period twice a large as mass 1

(B) They have the same period

(C) Mass 1 has a period twice as large as mass 2

(D) Mass 2 has a period four times as large as mass 1

16. What differential equation describes the motion of a mass on a spring?

(A)

+ kx = 0

(B)

+ x = 0

(C)

+

x = 0

(D)

+ mx = 0

17. At which point is the acceleration of a simple harmonic system maximum?

(A) x = 0

(B) x = x_m

(C) x =

(D) x = ω

18. In simple harmonic motion, acceleration differs in magnitude from displacement by a factor of

(A) x_m

(B) t

(C) cos(ωt)

(D) ω²

19. How is potential energy defined for a mass-spring system?

(A) U = mkx

(B) U = mx²

(C) U = kx²

(D) U =

kx²

20. At what point does a simple harmonic system have the maximum kinetic energy?

(A) x = 0

(B) x = x_m

(C) x =

(D) x = ω

21. At what point does a simple harmonic system have the maximum potential energy?

(A) x = 0

(B) x = x_m

(C) x =

(D) x = ω

22. A mass of 4 kg is oscillating on a spring with constant 1 N/m. It's maximum velocity is 3 m/s. What is its amplitude?

(A) 12 m

(B) 6 m

(C) 4 m

(D) 2 m

23. In a torsional oscillator the torque exerted by the wire is proportional to

(A) Displacement

(B) Angular displacement

(C) Velocity

(D) Angular velocity

24. The period of a torsional oscillator is given by

(A) T = 2π

(B) T = 2π

(C) T = 2π

(D) T = 2π

25. Using a torsional oscillator we can calculate

(A) The mass of a given body

(B) The moment of inertia of a given body

(C) The gravitational acceleration

(D) The maximum tension in the wire

26. The net force on a pendulum is proportional to

(A) θ

(B) x

(C) sinθ

(D) ω

27. At small angles, sinθ is approximately equal to

(A) cosθ

(B) x

(C) sin x

(D) θ

28. The period of a pendulum depends on

(A) The mass of the particle on the pendulum

(B) The length of the pendulum

(C) The length of the pendulum and the gravitational acceleration

(D) The initial angular displacement of the pendulum

29. A pendulum can be used to calculate

(A) The mass of a given body

(B) The moment of inertia of a given body

(C) The gravitational acceleration

(D) The maximum tension in the wire

30. The period of a pendulum is given by

(A) T = 2π

(B) T = 2π

(C) T =

(D) T = 2π

31. Simple harmonic motion can be described as

(A) Uniform Circular Motion

(B) The one dimensional projection of uniform circular motion

(C) The one dimensional projection of projectile motion

(D) The one dimensional projection of elliptical motion

32. A simple harmonic system and a particle moving in uniform circular motion have the same period. What can be said relating these two motions?

(A) The velocities of each system is the same

(B) Each system always experiences the same net force

(C) Each system has the same maximum displacement

(D) The angular frequency of the oscillating system is the same as the angular velocity of the rotational system

33. The net force felt by a pendulum can be approximated by

(A) F = - mgLx

(B) F = -

x

(C) F = - mLx

(D) F = - mgL sinθ

34. A force which causes an oscillating system to slow down is called a

(A) Restoring force

(B) Driving force

(C) Damping force

(D) None of the above

35. Damping forces must be proportional to

(A) The displacement of the system

(B) The velocity of the system

(C) The acceleration of the system

(D) They must be constant

36. The angular frequency of a damped system must relate to the angular frequency of the corresponding simple harmonic system in what way?

(A) They must be equal

(B) The frequency of the damped system must be larger

(C) The frequency of the simple harmonic system must be larger

(D) Not enough information

37. The amplitude of a damped system

(A) Decreases exponentially

(B) Decreases linearly

(C) Increases exponentially

(D) Remains constant

38. The frequency of a damped system

(A) Decreases exponentially

(B) Decreases linearly

(C) Increases exponentially

(D) Remains constant

39. A mass of 2 kg on a spring of constant 4 N/m experiences a damping force with constant b = 4. What is the angular frequency of the system?

(A) 1

(B) 2

(C) 4

(D) 8

40. The average velocity of a damped system

(A) Decreases

(B) Increases

(C) Can either increase or decrease

(D) Remains constant

41. The motion of an oscillating system subjected to an external force is called

(A) Damped oscillation

(B) Forced oscillation

(C) Harmonic motion

(D) Periodic motion

42. Resonance occurs when

(A) The amplitude of the oscillating system increases rapidly

(B) The frequency of the driving force is the same as the natural frequency of the system

(C) The amplitude of the oscillating system decreases rapidly

(D) The amplitude of the oscillating system remains constant, even though a driving force is applied

43. Resonance occurs in a system with no damping when

(A) The amplitude remains constant

(B) The frequency of the driving force is the same as the natural frequency of the system

(C) The driving force is constant

(D) The driving force increases exponentially

44. What kinds of objects have natural frequencies?

(A) Only oscillating objects

(B) Only harmonically oscillating objects

(C) Only simple harmonically oscillating objects

(D) Any object

45. The rising and falling of tides are an example of

(A) Damped oscillation

(B) Forced oscillation

(C) Simple harmonic motion

(D) A massive government conspiracy to confuse sailors

46. Which of the following is NOT an example of a damping force?

(A) Air resistance

(B) Kinetic Friction

(C) Both are damping forces

(D) Neither are damping forces

47. In which system is mechanical energy conserved?

(A) Damped system

(B) Simple harmonic system

(C) Forced system

(D) All of the above

48. Which of the following systems maintain a constant frequency?

(A) Damped system

(B) Simple harmonic system

(C) Both systems maintain constant frequency

(D) None of the above

49. Why is uniform circular motion not considered an oscillation?

(A) It does not move "back and forth"

(B) It does not have a restoring force

(C) It does not have an equilibrium point

(D) All of the above

50. At what point in a damped oscillation is the mechanical energy maximum

(A) After the first oscillation

(B) At the final position of the system

(C) At the initial position of the system

(D) Energy is constant in damped oscillation