Thermodynamics: Gas

Bose Gas  -  A Bose gas is a gas consisting of bosons.

Boson  -  A boson is a particle with integer spin.

Classical Regime  -  The classical regime is that in which gases behave classically, namely without demonstrating bosonic or fermionic character. We can define the regime as f 1 or n n _Q .

Degenerate  -  Term used for a gas when it is too dense to be considered as being in the classical regime, i.e. n > n _Q .

Distribution Function  -  The distribution function, f , gives the average number of particles in an orbital.

Einstein Condensation  -  Also known as bose condensation, the effect of boson crowding in the ground orbital.

Einstein Condensation Temperature  -  The temperature below which Einstein Condensation significantly occurs, given by τ âÉá .

Equipartition  -  A classical shortcut that assigns to one particle energy of τ per degree of freedom in the classical expression of its energy.

Fermi Energy  -  The Fermi energy is defined as the chemical potential at a temperature of zero: μ(τ = 0) = .

Fermi Gas  -  A Fermi gas is a gas consisting of fermions.

Fermion  -  A fermion is a particle with half-integer spin.

Heat Capacity  -  The heat capacity of a gas is a measure of how much heat the gas can hold. We define the heat capacity at constant volume to be:

C _VâÉá .

We define the heat capacity at constant pressure to be:

C _pâÉá .

Ideal Gas  -  A gas of particles that do not interact with each other and are in the classical regime.

Quantum Concentration  -  The quantum concentration marks the concentration transition between the classical and quantum regimes, and is defined as n _Q = .