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1866
Congress passes Civil Rights Act of 1866
1868
Fourteenth Amendment is ratified
1870
Fifteenth Amendment is ratified
1871
Congress passes Ku Klux Klan Act
1875
Congress passes Civil Rights Act of 1875
1877
Reconstruction ends
1881
Booker T. Washington founds Tuskegee Institute
1896
Plessy v. Ferguson ruling upholds “separate but equal” doctrine
1909
NAACP is founded
1920
Great Migration begins
1927
Marcus Garvey is deported
1930
Nation of Islam founded in Detroit
1938
Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada ruling
1941
Roosevelt signs Executive Order 8802, creates Fair Employment Practices Committee
1942
CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) is founded
1946
Truman creates Committee on Civil Rights
Morgan v. Virginia ruling
1947
Jackie Robinson becomes first Black player in Major League Baseball
1948
Executive Order 9981 signed
1950
Ralph Bunche wins Nobel Peace Prize
Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents rulings
1952
Malcolm X begins speaking for the Nation of Islam
1954
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
1955
Montgomery bus boycott
1956
Several states issue Southern Manifesto in response to Brown decision
1957
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) forms
Civil Rights Act of 1957 passed by Congress
Eisenhower intervenes in Little Rock crisis
1960
Greensboro sit-in occurs
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) forms
John F. Kennedy is elected president
1961
Freedom Rides begin
Albany movement
1962
Kennedy integrates University of Mississippi
1963
Birmingham campaign turns violent
March on Washington draws more than 200,000
John F. Kennedy is assassinated; Lyndon B. Johnson becomes president
1964
Civil Rights Act of 1964 is passed
Twenty-Fourth Amendment is ratified
Freedom Summer
1965
Selma campaign
Voting Rights Act of 1965 passes
1965
Malcolm X is assassinated
Watts riots break out in Los Angeles
1966
Black Panther Party forms
1968
Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated
