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Antheridium
A male reproductive organ found in ascomycota.
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Ascogonium
The female reproductive organ of ascomycota
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Ascogonius hypha
A dikaryotic hypha that grows out of a fertilized ascogonium.
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Ascus
The reproductive structure of ascomycota in which fusion, meiosis, and spore formation take place.
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Basidioma
The fruiting body of basidiomycota in which basidia form.
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Basidium
The club-shaped reproductive structure of basidiomycota in which fusion, meiosis, and spore formation take place.
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Binucleate
Having two nuclei.
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Budding
Asexual reproductive process in which a small portion of the cell membrane and cytoplasm receive a nucleus and pinch off from the parent cell.
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Cellulose
A major component of plant and algal cell walls. Compare with chitin.
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Chitin
A major component of fungal cell walls that is not found in the cell walls of any other group. Compare with cellulose.
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Clamp connection
The structure by which basidiomycota cells divide while retaining their binucleate dikaryotic condition.
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Conidiophore
Structure in which asexually-produced spores called conidia are formed.
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Dikaryotic
Having two distinct sets of genetic information.
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Gametangia
In zygomycota, the cells which fuse to become the zygote.
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Fruiting body
A general term for elaborate structures that contain spore-forming cells.
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Hypha
Individual filaments of fungal cells; compare with mycelium.
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Karyogamy
The fusion of two nuclei.
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Mycelium
The usually underground portion of a fungus that is haploid and sprouts from a spore.
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Plasmogamy
Fusion of the plasma membranes of two cells.
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Rhizoid
The sub-surface hyphae of zygomycota specialized for food absorption
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Sporangiophores
Filamentous stalk on which a sporangium forms.
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Sporangium
Spore producing structure of zygomycota.
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Stolon
The hyphae that connect groups of rhizoids and sporangiophores, usually above the surface.
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Symbiont
An organism that lives in close association with another, to the benefit of one or both organisms.
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Trichogyne
Specialized cell on the end of the ascogonium. During mating, the trichogyne grows to connect the ascogonium to the antheridium.
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Zygospore
The heavily encasulated structure that forms from the zygote of zygomycota
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Zygote
The diploid cell that results from the fusion of two gametes or gametangia during fertilization.
