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Oscillating system
Any system that always experiences a force acting against the displacement of the system (restoring force).
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Restoring force
A force that always acts against the displacement of the system.
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Periodic Motion
Any motion in which a system returns to its initial position at a later time.
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Amplitude
The maximum displacement of an oscillating system.
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Period
The time it takes for a system to complete one oscillation.
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Frequency
The rate at which a system completes an oscillation.
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Hertz
The unit of measurement of frequency.
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Angular Frequency
The radian measure of frequency: frequency times 2Π.
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Any motion that experiences a restoring force proportional to the displacement of the system.
Terms
Formulae
| Relation between variables of oscillation | σ = 2Πν =  |
| Force exerted by a spring with constant k | F = - kx |
| Differential equation describing simple harmonic motion |  +  x = 0 |
| Formula for the period of a mass-spring system | T = 2Π |
| Formula for the frequency of a mass-spring system | ν =   |
| Formula for the angular frequency of a mass-spring system | σ =  |
| Equation for the displacement in simple harmonic motion | x = xmcos(σt) |
| Equation for the velocity in simple harmonic motion | v = σxmsin(σt) |
| Equation for the acceleration in simple harmonic motion | a = σ2xmcos(σt) |
| Equation for the potential energy of a simple harmonic system | U =  kx2 |
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