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#include
The #include command tells the compiler to use the specified header file as part of your program.
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Header File
A file ending in .h which contains definitions of variables, classes, and functions that may be useful in your code.
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Syntax
The usage of a programming language command; the form in which a statement must appear.
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Void
Used for functions which have no return type; that is, functions that perform actions but do not return an "answer."
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Main()
Where C++ programs begin execution; must be present in every C++ program.
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Cout
The basic C++ output command, defined in the iostream.h header file. cout can print out all primitive data types and string constants using the << operator. E.g.: cout << "The average score is: " << 84.7 << endl;
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Functions
Segments of code that behave as mini-programs. Functions are the building blocks of full programs.
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Comment
A human readable line or lines in a computer program. Often used to document the code.
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White Space
White space is composed of spaces, tabs, and newlines, all of which the compiler ignores when compiling a program.
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Variables
Variables are symbols in a program that take on values and which are manipulated for the purposes of the program. Variables are the nuts and bolts of a program.
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Classes
Classes are collections of variables and functions, which together form an coherent, abstract thing referred to as an object.
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Data Members
Variables that are part of an object.
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Member Function
Functions belonging to a particular class which manipulate that class's data members.
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Global Variable
A variable that is "visible" (or "in scope") to the entire program.
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Data Types
The possible types of variables. Some examples of data types are: integers, characters and floating point numbers.
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Escape Sequence
Escape sequences are symbols that represent special characters. For instance, the escape sequence '\\n' represents the new line symbol, and '\\' represents the backslash symbol.
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String
A sequence of characters, usually represented between quotation marks. E.g.: "There are 42 characters in this sentence.\\n"
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Constant
A constant is a variable whose value does not change for the duration of a program. To create a constant, declare a variable const. It must be defined at declaration.
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Enumerated
Enumerated data types are user-defined data types. Using the keyword enum, a programmer can choose the values that each enumerated variable can take on.