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A Bose gas is a gas consisting of bosons.
A boson is a particle with integer spin.
The classical regime is that in which gases behave classically, namely
without demonstrating bosonic or fermionic character. We can define the
regime as f
1 or nnQ.
Term used for a gas when it is too dense to be considered as being in the classical regime, i.e. n > nQ.
The distribution function, f, gives the average number of particles in an orbital.
Also known as bose condensation, the effect of boson crowding in the ground orbital.
The temperature below which Einstein Condensation significantly occurs,
given by τ
âÉá
.
A classical shortcut that assigns to one particle energy of
τ per degree of freedom in the classical
expression of its energy.
The Fermi energy 
is defined as the chemical potential at
a temperature of zero: μ(τ = 0) = .
A Fermi gas is a gas consisting of fermions.
A fermion is a particle with half-integer spin.
The heat capacity of a gas is a measure of how much heat the gas can
hold. We define the heat capacity at constant volume to be:
CVâÉá
.
We define the heat capacity at constant pressure to be:
CpâÉá
.
A gas of particles that do not interact with each other and are in the classical regime.
The quantum concentration marks the concentration transition between the
classical and quantum regimes, and is defined as
nQ = 
.
| The classical distribution function |
f (
 ) = e(μ-)/τ = λe-/τ
|
| The chemical potential of an ideal gas |
μ = τ log
   |
| The free energy of an ideal gas |
F = Nτ
 log - 1 |
| The pressure of an ideal gas is given by the ideal gas law |
p =
 |
| The entropy of an ideal gas |
σ = N
 log   +   |
| The energy of an ideal gas |
U =
 Nτ
|
| The heat capacities for an ideal gas |
CV =
N
Cp =
N
|
| The Fermi-Dirac Distribution function |
f (
) =  |
| The Fermi energy of a degenerate Fermi gas |
 =  (3Π2n)2/3
|
| The energy of the ground state of a Fermi gas |
Ugs =
 N |
| The Bose-Einstein Distribution Function |
f (
) =  |
