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    Acids and Bases: Buffers

    Chemistry

    Study Guide
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    Terms

    Terms
    • Acid

      A substance that has the potential to donate a proton or accept an electron pair.

    • Acidic

      Having a pH less than 7.

    • Base

      A substance that can accept a proton, release OH-, or donate an electron pair.

    • Basic

      Having a pH greater than 7.

    • Buffer

      A solution composed of an acid and its conjugate base that serves to moderate the pH of the solution.

    • Conjugate Acid

      A molecule that can be described as a base that has gained one proton.

    • Conjugate Base

      A molecule that can be described as an acid that has lost one proton.

    • Dissociate

      Separate into its ion constituents.

    • Indicator

      A molecule whose conjugate acid or conjugate base has a different color.

    • pH

      A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration, it is equal to - log [H+].

    • pKa

      A measure of the strength of an acid, it is equal to – log Ka, where Ka is the acid dissociation constant in water.

    • pKb

      A measure of the strength of a base, it is equal to – log Kb, where Kb is the base dissociation constant in water.

    • Strong Acid

      An acid with a pKa less than zero. Strong acids completely dissociate in water.

    • Strong Base

      A base with a pKb less than zero. Strong bases completely dissociate in water.

    • Titration

      An experiment that neutralizes an unknown amount of acid or base with a known volume and concentration of acid or base to determine the amount of unknown acid or base.

    • Weak Acid

      An acid with a pKa greater than zero. Weak acids do not completely dissociate in water.

    • Weak Base

      A base with a pKb greater than zero. Weak bases do not completely dissociate in water.

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