Film and literature buffs have identified countless film references in the Matrix trilogy. Some of these are mere in-jokes for fans of certain film genres, such as sci-fi or anime, but others are more significant. A small sampling of the most obvious film references includes 2001, TheWizard of Oz, Star Wars, Alien, Men in Black, The Terminator films, and The Truman Show. Some of the most apparent literary references include George Orwell’s 1984, Jules Verne’s Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, William Gibson’s Neuromancer, and Aldous Huxley’s The Doors of Perception. The film employs Alice in Wonderland explicitly to help set the plot in motion with the White Rabbit.

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