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Rebecca Carroll, Ed.. Uncle Tom or New Negro?: African Americans Reflect on Booker T. Washington and Up from Slavery 100 Years Later. New York: Broadway Books, 2006

Dubois, W.E.B. “Of Booker T. Washington and Others.” The Souls of Black Folk. Chicago: A.C. McClung, 1903: 392-404.

Gibson, Donald B. “Strategies and Revisions of Self-Representation in Booker T. Washington’s Autobiographies,” American Quarterly, 45.3, Sept. 1993.

Harlan, Louis, R. Booker T. Washington: The Making of a Black Leader, 1856-1915. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972. — Booker T. Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee, 1901-1915. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Meier, Negro Thought in American, 1880-1915. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1963.

McCall, Nathan. “The Steady Security of Booker T. Washington,” Black Enterprise, 14 (June 1984), 161-2+.

Washington, Booker T. The Story of My Life and Work. Atlanta: J.L Nichols & Company, 1901.

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