Beach, Christopher. The Politics of Distinction: Whitman and the Discourses of Nineteenth-Century America. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1996.

Bloom, Harold, ed. Walt Whitman. Broomall, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 1999.

Erkkila, Betsy and Jay Grossman. Breaking Bounds: Whitman and American Cultural Studies. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Greenspan, Ezra, ed. Cambridge Companion to Walt Whitman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Mancuso, Luke. The Strange Sad War Revolving: Walt Whitman, Reconstruction, and the Emergence of Black Citizenship, 1865-1876. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1997.

Morris, Roy. The Better Angel: Walt Whitman in the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Schmidgall, Gary. Walt Whitman: A Gay Life. Dutton, New York, 1997.

Whitman, Walt. Leaves of Grass. New York: Bantam Books, 1983.

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