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Antipater
A close adviser to Alexander from the beginning, who served as European Viceroy while Alexander was away on campaigns. Ideological differences ultimately arose between Antipater and Alexander, as Antipater disapproved of Alexander's treatment of Persia. It is likely that Alexander was planning to have Antipater assassinated, but died before he could follow through.
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Aristotle
Alexander's tutor from the age of thirteen to sixteen. Aristotle taught Alexander formal subjects such as poetry and rhetoric, while also instilling the belief that all non-Greeks were barbarians and fit to be slaves.
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Callisthenes
Nephew of Aristotle and official historian of the Persian expedition. Callisthenes died a martyr because he refused to submit to the King's policies.
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Darius
King of Persia who fought and lost to Alexander. Darius was deposed and killed by conspirators before Alexander could capture him in battle.
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Olympias
Alexander's mother. A headstrong figure, Olympias convinced Alexander of his destined greatness and was his closest adviser early on. She may have played a role in his father's death, as her son's succession was her most important ambition.
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Parmenion
A loyal and powerful general who served under Philip. Parmenion became Alexander's second officer in command. However, when his services were no longer required on the expedition, Alexander saw fit to dispose of him and his son before their influence could grow any greater.
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Philip II
Father of Alexander and King of Macedonia. Philip II and Alexander had their difficulties when doubts arose over the latter's status as heir. Philip would be assassinated before alternatives could be established, and Alexander may have played a role in his death.
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Porus
One of the major rulers of India during Alexander's time. Porus faced Alexander and lost, but was allowed to maintain his kingdom.
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Ptolemy
One of Alexander's most faithful friends and most useful generals. Ptolemy later claimed Egypt after Alexander's death and established a dynasty there.
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Spitamenes
One of Alexander's most formidable opponents. Spitamenes continued to raise trouble in the Far East after the death of Darius and even defeated a regiment of Alexander's in a battle.