Full title
Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone (originally
titled Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone)
Author J. K. Rowling
Type of work Novel
Genre Children’s book, fantasy tale
Language English
Time and place written 1990s, Scotland
Date of first publication 1997
Publisher Bloomsbury Children’s Books
Narrator The story is narrated by a detached third-person observer
close to the action, but not involved in it.
Point of view For most of the story, the narrator, who knows everything
about all of the characters, generally stays close to Harry Potter’s
point of view, registering surprise when Harry is surprised and
fear when Harry is afraid. But while Harry is a baby in the first chapter,
the narrator takes the point of view of Mr. Dursley, who is perplexed
by signs of wizards around town. The shift in point of view from
a Muggle’s perspective to a wizard’s emphasizes the difference between
the two worlds.
Tone As fitting for a children’s book, the tone is straightforward
and simple, with few purely decorative elements or artistic features, few
metaphors and figures, and little playful irony. The language is
easy to grasp. The narrator never imposes moral judgments on any
characters, even the wicked Voldemort, but allows us full freedom
to praise or condemn.
Tense Past
Setting (time) An unspecified time, modern and roughly contemporary
(late 1990s)
Setting (place) Surrey, England, and the Hogwarts wizardry academy
Protagonist Harry Potter
Major conflict Harry attempts to stop Voldemort, who killed Harry’s
parents, from stealing the Sorcerer’s Stone.
Rising action Harry’s arrival at Hogwarts, the news of the break-in
at Gringotts, and Hermione’s revelation of the trapdoor under the guard
dog in the third-floor corridor bring Harry and Voldemort closer
to confrontation.
Climax Professor Snape’s apparent hex on Harry during the
Quidditch game brings the simmering tension between good and evil
out into the open, shifting Harry’s concern from winning the game
to surviving.
Falling action With the conflict out in the open, the forces of good
and the forces of evil draw closer together: Harry, Ron, and Hermione explore
the school and learn about the Sorcerer’s Stone; Voldemort drinks
unicorn blood to sustain himself and attacks Harry in the Forbidden
Forest; Harry faces Professor Quirrell and Voldemort, who orders
Quirrell to kill Harry.
Themes The value of humility, the occasional necessity of
rebellion, the dangers of desire
Motifs Muggles, points, authority
Symbols Harry’s scar, Quidditch, the Mirror of Erised
Foreshadowing The pain that Harry feels at the end of Chapter 7 when
Snape stares at him hints that there is some underlying tension
between the two. Rowling exploits our misgivings about Snape by
leading us to believe that he and Harry will eventually confront
each other in a climactic battle for the Sorcerer’s Stone.
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