full title Bless Me, Ultima
author Rudolfo A. Anaya
type of work Novel
genre Bildungsroman (coming-of-age story); magical realism
language English, with Spanish words and phrases throughout
time and place written 1960s,
Albuquerque, New Mexico
date of first publication 1972
publisher Quinto Sol Publishers
narrator Antonio as an adult, recounting a few years of his
childhood
point of view The novel is written exclusively from Antonio’s first-person point
of view.
tone For the most part, the narrator’s tone is serious
and lyrical, with simple, poetic language used to depict Antonio’s
weighty philosophical struggles. The tone of the novel generally
matches the mood of its main character.
tense Past
settings (time) Mid-1940s,
during and after World War II
settings (place) Guadalupe, New Mexico, and its surrounding area
protagonist Antonio
major conflict As Antonio moves from childhood to adolescence, he
tries to reconcile his parents’ and his community’s conflicting
cultural traditions; Antonio’s goal is independent thought and action;
he strives to make his own moral decisions and to accept responsibility
for their consequences.
rising action After Ultima arrives to stay with Antonio’s family,
Antonio witnesses the murder of Lupito, a local man. He also experiences mounting
anxiety over going away to school and leaving his mother.
climax Ultima cures Lucas’s illness, presumably caused by
Tenorio’s daughters, whom he saw participating in a satanic ritual.
By curing Lucas, Ultima incites Tenorio’s rage, and Tenorio vows
to kill Ultima.
falling action Antonio goes to school and builds friendships there.
Tenorio, still angry with Ultima, kills the pet owl that guides
her in her magic healing. When the owl dies, Ultima dies as well.
She asks Antonio to bury the owl’s body.
themes The importance of moral independence; the influence
of culture on identity
motifs Dreams; family; learning and education; tolerance
and understanding
symbols The golden carp; Ultima’s owl; the Virgin of Guadalupe
foreshadowing Antonio’s dreams; Ultima’s comments about the future
