Suggestions
Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select.Please wait while we process your payment
If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Sometimes it can end up there.
If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Sometimes it can end up there.
Please wait while we process your payment
By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy.
Don’t have an account? Subscribe now
Create Your Account
Sign up for your FREE 7-day trial
Already have an account? Log in
Your Email
Choose Your Plan
Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan!
Purchasing SparkNotes PLUS for a group?
Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more!
Price
$24.99 $18.74 /subscription + tax
Subtotal $37.48 + tax
Save 25% on 2-49 accounts
Save 30% on 50-99 accounts
Want 100 or more? Contact us for a customized plan.
Your Plan
Payment Details
Payment Summary
SparkNotes Plus
You'll be billed after your free trial ends.
7-Day Free Trial
Not Applicable
Renews June 17, 2023 June 10, 2023
Discounts (applied to next billing)
DUE NOW
US $0.00
SNPLUSROCKS20 | 20% Discount
This is not a valid promo code.
Discount Code (one code per order)
SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Free trial is available to new customers only.
Choose Your Plan
For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more!
You’ve successfully purchased a group discount. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. You'll also receive an email with the link.
Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership.
Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Continue to start your free trial.
Please wait while we process your payment
Your PLUS subscription has expired
Please wait while we process your payment
Please wait while we process your payment
He smiled knowingly. “I can see that you have been well trained. Come, it isn't good for you to be seen with me in the street. Let's go somewhere for a cup of coffee.”
Brother Jack addresses the narrator at their introduction, which marks the beginning of the most important relationships in the novel. Brother Jack observed the narrator during the eviction and recognized him as an eloquent speaker with a potential future in the movement. Here, he reveals not only his interest in the narrator but also the clandestine and somewhat dangerous nature of his organization, the Brotherhood.
“You know,” he said, taking a gulp of coffee, “I haven't heard such an effective piece of eloquence since the days when I was in—well, in a long time. You aroused them so quickly to action. I don't understand how you managed it. If only some of our speakers could have listened!”
Brother Jack compliments the narrator on his performance during the eviction. He lays the groundwork for offering the narrator a job in the Brotherhood, and will soon pay him $300 for his back rent and promise $60 per week to become a part of the organization. He admires not only the narrator’s words but also the way in which he inspired others to take action, the mark of a leader.
You must realize immediately that much of our work is opposed. Our discipline demands therefore that we talk to no one and that we avoid situations in which information might be given away unwittingly. So you must put aside your past.
Here, Brother Jack speaks to the narrator as he explains that he must leave Miss Mary’s and cut his ties with his past to work for the Brotherhood. He has just offered to pay him a good wage, with the condition that he can no longer write letters to his family back home. He will hand him a piece of paper with his new name written on it, a new identity from this point forward.
He stood up front beside a microphone, his feet planted solidly on the dirty canvas-covered platform, looking from side to side; his posture dignified and benign, like a bemused father listening to the performance of his adoring children. I saw his hand go up in a salute, and the audience thundered.
The narrator describes Brother Jack preparing to introduce him before he gives his speech to a huge crowd gathered in the sports arena. Brother Jack portrays himself as a benevolent leader, a father figure to the crowd and to the narrator himself. He commands respect in a gentle, nonviolent way. Brother Jack mentors the narrator, and, as with the Founder, the narrator wants to be like him.
Brother Jack laughed. “And this mob,” he said, “Is it a mob against us, or is it a mob for us—how do our muscle-bound scientists answer that?” But before they could answer he continued, “Perhaps you're right, perhaps it is a mob; but if it is, then it seems to be a mob that's simply boiling over to come along with us.”
After the speeches at the sports arena, Brother Jack discusses what has happened and what it means with other members of the Brotherhood, including the narrator. He wants to remain reasonable, logical, even scientific in his approach, but he acknowledges a mob mentality at play, one that needs to be managed carefully and not allowed to run amok.
The other thing to remember is that if we are to organize the masses we must first organize ourselves. Thanks to our new brother, things have changed; we mustn't fail to make use of our opportunity. From now on it's up to you.
Brother Jack speaks to the Brotherhood after the event at the sport arena. He is the consummate organizer, a devotee of Booker T. Washington, who believes in order and science above passionate excitement. He believes that the movement needs to be properly managed by leaders who care about history, not about personal gain or notoriety. He recognizes that the “masses” could turn against their cause or aid it, and it all depends on the Brotherhood’s actions.
“Master it,” Brother Jack said, “but don't overdo it. Don't let it master you. There is nothing to put the people to sleep like dry ideology. The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration. Say what the people want to hear, but say it in such a way that they'll do what we wish.”
Here, Brother Jack has an intimate conversation with the narrator who has been working closely with Brother Hambro. He encourages the narrator to embrace the ideology and teachings of the Brotherhood but not to be a slave to it, to think for himself as he relies on the ideas for his foundation and inspiration. He encourages the narrator to act first and theorize later. He holds up putting one’s emotions aside and reacting with intellect as a calculated strategy.
“Very well, but no violence,” Brother Jack said. “The Brotherhood is against violence and terror and provocation of any kind—aggressive, that is. Understand, Brother Clifton?”
Brother Jack extols his theory of nonviolence as he speaks to a big woman on the committee about Ras the Exhorter, whom she says goes wild when he sees white people and Black people together. Jack’s consistency about his methods prefigures Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. He represents a calm, peaceful approach whereas Ras represents the opposite.
“You'll learn,” he said. “You'll learn and you'll surrender yourself to it even under such conditions. Especially under such conditions; that's its value. That makes it patience.”
Brother Jack scolds the narrator for the scene he created at Clifton’s funeral. He accuses the narrator of honoring a traitor as a hero, and tells him that he needs to bend to the will of the Brotherhood, not to think on his own. In his own defense, the narrator claims that people on the street are not feeling patient, that they expect more from the Brotherhood than the organization can give. The people want action, and the narrator believes that Brother Jack’s patience holds back progress.
The heroes are those who die. This was nothing—after it happened. A minor lesson in discipline. And do you know what discipline is, Brother Personal Responsibility? It's sacrifice, sacrifice, SACRIFICE!
Brother Jack argues with the narrator about the true meaning of sacrifice. The two characters represent the two extremes of Brotherhood ideology. The narrator wants to be a man of action, passion, and individual responsibility. Brother Jack argues for patience, commitment, and the sacrifice of the individual to the will of the organization. Their differences reach a culmination in this argument, punctuated by the image of Jack’s glass eye, a symbol of his blindness.
Please wait while we process your payment