Summary: Act III, scene iii
In a street outside Leonato’s house, the town policemen
of Messina—collectively called the Watch—gather together to discuss
their duties for the night. Dogberry, the head constable, and Verges,
his deputy, command and govern them. Dogberry and Verges are well intentioned
and take their jobs very seriously, but they are also ridiculous.
Dogberry is a master of malapropisms, always getting his words just
slightly wrong.
Under Dogberry, the Watch is very polite but not very
effective at deterring crime. As Dogberry gives his orders to his
men, it becomes clear that the Watch is charged with doing very
little. For example, when asked how the men should react should
someone refuse to stand in Don Pedro’s name, Dogberry replies, “Why
then take no note of him, but let him go, and presently call the
rest of the watch together, and thank God you are rid of a knave”
(III.iii.25–27). Furthermore, the Watch is
supposed to order drunkards to go home and sleep their drunkenness
off—unless the drunkards won’t listen, in which case the men are
to ignore them. The men are not to make too much noise in the street—they
may sleep instead. They shouldn’t catch thieves, because it isn’t
good for honest men to have too much to do with dishonest ones,
and they should wake up the nurses of crying children—unless the
nurses ignore them, in which case they should let the child wake
the nurse by crying instead. In short, they may do anything they
want and don’t have to do anything at all, as long as they are careful
not to let the townspeople steal their spears.
Dogberry gives his men a final order: act particularly
vigilant near the house of Leonato, for Leonato’s daughter, Hero,
is to be married the next day, and the house is filled with commotion
and chaos. After Dogberry and Verges depart, the men they have left behind
sit down quietly on a bench and prepare to go to sleep.
Suddenly, the watchmen are interrupted by the entrance
of Don John’s associates, Borachio and Conrad. Borachio, who does
not see the watchmen, informs Conrad about what has happened this night.
Acting on the plan he developed with Don John, Borachio made love
to Margaret, Hero’s waiting maid, at the window of Hero’s room,
with Margaret dressed in Hero’s clothing. Don Pedro and Claudio,
who were hiding nearby with Don John, saw the whole thing and are
now convinced that Hero has been disloyal to Claudio. Claudio, feeling
heartbroken and betrayed, has vowed to take revenge upon Hero by
publicly humiliating her at the wedding ceremony the next day. The
watchmen, who have quietly listened to this whole secretive exchange,
now reveal themselves and arrest Borachio and Conrade for “lechery,”
by which they mean treachery. They haul them away to Dogberry and
Verges for questioning.
Read a translation of
Act III, scene iii →
Analysis
Dogberry and Verges provide welcome comic relief amid
Don John’s evil plotting. Their brand of humor is completely different from
that provided by Benedick and Beatrice; while the two witty antagonists
spar with a brilliant display of wit, Dogberry and Verges get half
their words wrong, providing humor with their ignorance. Yet, like
Benedick and Beatrice, they are in their own way good-hearted and
sincere, and the humor of both duos, sophisticated and unsophisticated,
hinges on punning and verbal display.
Borachio’s account of the events of that night inform
us that Don John’s plans have been put into action and that everything
is working out as he intended. Once again, however, we are faced
with a disturbing element in this action: Claudio and Don Pedro
both believe Don John’s claims and are willing to believe that they
are watching Hero without investigating the matter more closely
or interrogating Hero herself about it. When we see how ready Claudio
is to believe that the woman he supposedly is in love with is betraying
him, we are likely to be deeply troubled about him, even though
we know that the play—being a comedy—has to end happily.
