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Although
After the initial trials found all but one of the defendants guilty, the case was appealed several times. The appeals claimed that the all-white jury was biased, the defense lawyers were ineffective, and the sentences were unfair. When the new trials were held, one accuser admitted that she had invented the allegations of rape. In 1932, the case reached the Alabama Supreme Court, which affirmed seven out of the eight death sentences. After several more appeals the case went before the US Supreme Court, where charges against four of the defendants were dropped. The rest of the defendants either eventually escaped or were released from jail. The one defendant who had received the death sentence in the final trial violated his parole and went into hiding, and later wrote a book about his experiences after being pardoned by the governor. In 2013, the remaining three defendants whose convictions hadn’t been overturned and who hadn’t yet been pardoned received posthumous pardons. The case has become a leading example of the injustice of all-white juries, and has been adapted in many books, plays, and movies. Scottsboro is now home to the Scottsboro Boys Museum and Cultural Center.
There are many parallels between the Scottsboro cases and
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